Publications

The * notation indicates first author status.

SCHOLARLY BOOKS PUBLISHED.
CHAPTERS PUBLISHED.
EDITORSHIPS
JOURNAL ARTICLES PUBLISHED:
PAPERS PUBLISHED IN CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS:
BOOK REVIEWS PUBLISHED.
PAPERS PRESENTED
INVITED SEMINARS OR LECTURES PRESENTED
Other Scholarly Work:
PUBLICATIONS AVAILABE ONLINE

1. Authored:

An Adaptive Computer Model of the Evolution of Agriculture in the Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Michigan, 1979, University Microfilms

This thesis used a specific machine learning technique, genetic algorithms, to model the decision-making adaptations made by prehistoric hunter-gatherers during the process of developing incipient agriculture. The genetic algorithm selectively operated on decision-making procedures expressed as production rules in a knowledge base in order to adapt to the simulated environment in which the system was embedded. The results were compared with the archaeological data from the region and proved sufficient to explain a number of patterns in that data..

2. Co-Authored:

Excavations at San Jose Magote I: The Household Archaeology (Kent V. Flannery, Joyce Marcus, with contributions by Robert G. Reynolds.

The Automatic Acquisition of Software Engineering Knowledge: Evolution-Based Approaches to Knowledge Acquisition in Automatic Programming Systems (with George Cowan) World Scientific Press (2003).

This text focuses on the acquisition of knowledge about software engineering activities within a Genetic Programming Environment Using Cultural Algorithms. The book describes an automated programming environment based around Genetic Programming (GP) that supports the development of large-scale software systems. An example subsystem describing the learning of metrics to describe the quality of software produced by a GP agent is presented.

The Flocks of the Wamani, Academic Press, 1989 (with Kent V. Flannery and Joyce Marcus).

This text focuses on the development of both computer simulations and analytical models that describe how cooperative mechanisms can be learned and spread within a distributed problem solving system. The specific example used here are the gift giving ceremonies of Peruvian Llama herders.

3. Book proposals submitted

Cultural Algorithms in Theory and Practice, co-authors Robert G. Reynolds, Ziad, Kobti, and Bin Peng, submitted to IEEE Press.

This book focuses on the design of Cultural Algorithm solutions to real world problems. It begins with the introduction of a simple CA in part I, and then proceeds to add on additional Cultural Knowledge through progressively more complex examples in part II. Part III examines real world applications of the technique.

B. CHAPTERS PUBLISHED:

1. Authored:

Reynolds, R. G., " Chapter 1: A General Statistical Analysis of Occupational Remains in Cueva Blanca", in Cueva Blanca: The Site Report, Kent V. Flannery, Editor, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, to appear.

	Reynolds, R. G., " Chapter 2: Identifying Spatially Associated Groups of Artifacts Using Cluster Analysis", in Cueva Blanca: The Site Report, Kent V. Flannery, Editor, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, to appear.
	Reynolds, R. G., " Chapter 3: Extracting Drop Area Aggregates Using Techniques from Artificial Intelligence", in Cueva Blanca: The Site Report, Kent V. Flannery, Editor, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, to appear.

Reynolds, R. G., " Chapter 4: Using the Extracted Drop Area Aggregates to Identify Regions of Activity in Zone E", in Cueva Blanca: The Site Report, Kent V. Flannery, Editor, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, to appear.

Reynolds, R. G., " Chapter 5: Using the Extracted Drop Area Aggregates to Identify Regions of Activity in Zone D", in Cueva Blanca: The Site Report, Kent V. Flannery, Editor, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, to appear.

Reynolds, R. G., " Chapter 6: Using the Extracted Drop Area Aggregates to Identify Regions of Activity in Zone C", in Cueva Blanca: The Site Report, Kent V. Flannery, Editor, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, to appear.

Reynolds, R.G., “Chapter 25: Multi-Dimensional Scaling of San Jose Magote Data”, to appear in San Jose Magote:The Site Report, Kent V. Flannery and Joyce Marcus, Editors, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Michigan, in press, 2005.

Reynolds, R.G., “Software Design Metrics”, Encyclopedia of Software Engineering: Second Edition, Ed. J. Marciniak, John Wiley and Sons Press, 2002.

Reynolds, R.G., “The Impact of Raiding on Settlement Patterns in the Northern Valley of Oaxaca: An Approach Using Decision Trees, Dynamics in Human and Primate Societies: Agent-Based Modelling of Social and Spatial Processes, T. Kohler and G. Gummerman, Editors, Oxford University Press, 1999, pp: 251-274.

Reynolds, R.G., “An Overview of Cultural Algorithms”, New Ideas in Optimization, D. Corne, F. Glover, and M. Dorigo Ed., McGraw Hill Press, 1999, pp: 367-378.

Reynolds, R. G., "Why Does Cultural Evolution Proceed at a Faster Rate Than Biological Evolution?", in Time, Process, and Structured Transformation in Archaeology, Sander van der Leeuw and James McGlade Editors, Routledge Press, New York, NY, 1997, pp. 269-282.

Reynolds, R. G., "Introduction to Cultural Algorithms", in Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming, Anthony V. Sebald andLawrence J. Fogel, Editors, World Scientific Press, Singapore, 1994, pp.131-139.

Reynolds, R. G., "Learning to Cooperate Using Cultural Algorithms", in Simulating Societies, Nigel Gilbert and J. Doran, Editors, University College of London Press, 1994, pp. 223-244.

Reynolds, R. G., "The Design of an Adaptive Expert Database Interface", in Relational Database Machine Architecture, A. K. Sood and A. H. Qureshi, Editors, Spring-Verlag Press, 1986.

Reynolds, R. G., "An Adaptive Computer Model for the Evolution of Plant Collecting and Early Agriculture in the Eastern Valley of Oaxaca", in Guila Naquitz: Archaic Foraging and Early Agriculture in Oaxaca, Mexico, K. V. Flannery, Editor, Academic Press, 1986. pp. 439-500.

Reynolds, R. G., "Multidimensional Scaling of Four Guila Naquitz Living Floors", in Guila Naquitz: Archaic Foraging and Early Agriculture in Oaxaca, Mexico,K. V. Flannery, Editor, Academic Press, 1986. pp: 385-424.

Reynolds, R. G., "PARTIAL: A Software Tool for the Development of ADA Programs", in Empirical Foundations of Information and Software Science, J. Agrawal and P. Zunde, Editors, 1985. pp. 241-264.

Reynolds, R. G., "The Application of a Double Dependence Markov Model to the Analysis of Settlement Patterns Along the Rio Grijalva", in The Early Mesoamerican Village, K. V. Flannery, Editor, Academic Press, 1976. pp. 180-191.

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2. Co-Authored:

Kohler, T., Johnson, D., Kolm, K., and Varien, M., Ortman, S., Reynolds, R.G., Kobti, Z.,, “Settlement Ecodynamics in the Prehispanic Mesa Verde”, to appear in Sante Fe Workshop on Human Environment Interactions, Oxford University Press, 2005.

Reynolds, R.G., Sverdlik, W. and Kala, E. , “The Power of Abstraction: Achieving Resilience in the Solution of Hierarchically Structured Problems Using Representation Shifts, Abisko Workshop on System Resilience, Ed. Van Der Leeuw, S., Kohler, T., and Read, D, Kluwer Academic Press, to appear, 2005.

Lazar, A., and Reynolds, R.G., “Evolution-Based Learning of Ontological Knowledge for a Large-Scale Multi-Agent Simulation”, Information Processing and Evolutionary Algorithms-From Industrial Applications to Academic Speculation, M. Grana, R.J. Duro, A.D. Aryou, and P.P Wang, eds, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 2005.

Reynolds, R.G., and Saleem, S., “The Impact of Environmental Dynamics on Cultural Emergence”, Perspectives on Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: Essays in Honor of John Holland, L. Booker, S. Forrest, M. Mitchell, and R. Riolo, Eds., Oxford University Press, pp. 253-280, 2005.

Ostrowski, D, and Reynolds, R. G., “Using Software Engineering Knowledge to Drive Genetic Program Design Using Cultural Algorithms: Exploiting the Synergy of Software Engineering Knowledge in Evolutionary Design”, in Advances in Genetic Programming, Editors: Rick Riolo and Bill Wurzel, Kluwer Academic Press, Boston, MA., 2003, pp: 63-80.

Lazar, A., and Reynolds, R. G., “Heuristic Knowledge Discovery for Archaeological Data Using Cultural Algorithms and Rough Sets”, Heuristics and Optimization for Knowledge Discovery”, R. Sarkar, H. Abbass, and C. Newton, Editors, Kluwer Academic Press, 2003.

Reynolds, R.G., and C., "Function Optimization using Evolutionary Programming with Self-Adaptive Cultural Algorithms", in Lecture Notes on Artificial Intelligence, Springer-Verlag Press, 1997, pp. 184-198.

Reynolds, R.G., and Chung, C., "A Cultural Algorithm to Evolve Multi-Agent Cooperation Using Cultural Algorithms", in Evolutionary Programming VI, P. J. Angeline, R. G. Reynolds, J. R. McDonnell, and R. Eberhart, Editors, Springer-Verlag Press, New York, NY, 1997, pp. 323-334.

Reynolds, R.G., and Nazzal, A. "Using Cultural Algorithms with Evolutionary Computing to Extract Site location Decisions From Spatio-Temporal Databases, in Evolutionary Programming VI, P. J. Angeline, R. G. Reynolds, J. R. McDonnell, and R. Eberhart, Editors, Springer-Verlag Press, New York, NY, 1997, pp. 323-334.

Reynolds, R. G., and Chung, C., "A Test Bed for Solving Optimization Problems Using Cultural Algorithms", in Evolutionary Programming V, John R. McDonnel, and Peter Angeline, Editors, A Bradford Book, MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, 1996, pp. 225-236.

Zannoni, E., and Reynolds, R. G., "Extracting Design Knowledge from Genetic Programs Using Cultural Algorithms", in Evolutionary Programming V, Peter Angeline, Editor, A Bradford Book, MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, 1996, pp. 217-224.

Reynolds, R.G., Michalewicz Z., and Cavaretta M. J., "Using Cultural Algorithms for Constraint Handling in Genocop", in Evolutionary Programming IV, J. R. McDonnell, R.G. Reynolds, and David B. Fogel, Editors, a Bradford Book, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1995.

Reynolds, R. G., and Zannoni, E., "Software Metrics", in Encyclopedia of Microcomputers, A. Kent and J. G. Williams, Editors, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1995, Vol. 16, pp. 111-126.

Reynolds, R. G., and Zannoni, E., "Software Metrics", in Encyclopedia of Software Engineering, J. J. Marciniak, Editor, McGraw-Hill, 1994, pp. 676-685

Reynolds, R.G., and Maletic J. I., "The Evolution of Cooperate using Cultural Algorithms", in Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming, Anthony V. Sebald and Lawrence J. Fogel, Editors, World Scientific Press, Singapore, 1994, pp.141-149.

Reynolds R. G., Zannoni, E., and Posner, R. M., "Learning to Understand Software using Cultural Algorithms", in Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming, Anthony V. Sebald and Lawrence J.Fogel, Editors, World Scientific Press, Singapore, 1994, pp.150-157.

Reynolds, R. G. , Brown, W., and Abinoja, E., "Guiding Parallel Bidirectional Search with Cultural Algorithms, in Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming, Anthony V. Sebald and Lawrence J.Fogel, Editors, World Scientific Press, Singapore, 1994, pp.167-174.

Reynolds, R. G., et. al. "Modeling the Evolution of Southwestern CulturalSystems", in The Origin and Evolution of Prehistoric Southwestern Society, School of American Research, 1992.

Reynolds, R. G., and Maletic, J., "Operationalizing Software Reuse as a Problem in Machine Learning", in Automating Software Design, G. Johnson, Editor, USC/ISI Technical Publications, RS-91-237, 1991.

Reynolds, R. G. and Zeigler, B., "Modeling Alternative Structures for Time Critical Corporate Adaptations", in Real-Time Control of Large Scale Systems, Tsafestas, Editor, Lecture Notes on Information and Control, Springer-Verlag, 1984.

Reynolds, R. G. and Zeigler, B.,"Information Processing Models for Hunter-Gatherer Decision Making", in Mathematical Models of Cultural Change, Colin Renfrew and Kenneth Cooke, Editors, Academic Press, December 1978. pp. 485-418.

C. EDITORSHIPS:

Reynolds, R.G., Co-Editor, IEEE Proceedings of the 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, with Rahul Tikar, and Bob McKay, 2003.

Reynolds, R.G., Co-editor, Tools for Artificial Intelligence 1997 Proceedings, with Phillip Sheu, IEEE Press.

Reynolds, R.G., Co-Editor, Evolution Programming VI, with Peter Angeline, Russ Eberhart, and John McDonnell, Springer-Verlag Press, 1997.

Reynolds, R.G., Co-Editor, Evolution Programming IV, with John R. McDonnell, and David B. Fogel, Bradford Books, MIT Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, 1995.

Reynolds, R. G., Guest Editor, "Special Issue on the Use of Evolution-Based Approaches in Software Engineering", International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, June, 1995.

Reynolds, R. G., Guest Editor of, "The Evolution of Commercial AI Tools: The First Decade", invited paper by Frederick Hayes-Roth, International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 1-13,1993.

Reynolds, R. G, Guest Editor, Special issue on the Acquisition of Software Engineering Knowledge, in International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 4, December, 1991.

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D. JOURNAL ARTICLES PUBLISHED:

1. Refereed Journals:

Reynolds, R.G., Kobti, Z., Kohler, T., and Yap, L., “Unraveling Ancient Mysteries: Re-imagining the Past Using Evolutionary Computation in a Computer Gaming Environment”, accepted for publication pending, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, to appear 2005.

Kohler, T., Gummerman, G., and Reynolds, R. G., “Virtual Archaeology”, Scientific American, vol. 293, no. 1, pp: 76-84, July, 2005.

Kent V. Flannery, Andrew K. Balkansky, Gary M. Feinman, David C. Grove, Joyce Marcus, Elsa M. Redmond, Robert G. Reynolds, Robert J. Sharer, Charles S. Spencer, and Jason Yaeger, “Implications of New Petrographic Analysis for the Olmec “Mother Culture” Model”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 102, no. 32, pp:11219-11223, August 8, 2005.

Rychtyckyj, N. and Reynolds, R.G., “Using Cultural Algorithms to Re-Engineer Large-Scale Semantic Networks, International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, to appear, 2005.

Reynolds, R. G., and Peng, B., “Knowledge Learning and Social Swarms in Cultural Algorithms”, Journal of Mathematical Sociology, London, Routledge, Vol. 29: pp. 1-18, 2005.

Reynolds, R. G., Lu, S., Liu, D., Fotouhi, F.*, Dong, M., Aristar, A., Ratliff, M., Nathan, G.,Tan, J., and Powell, R., "Language Engineering For The Semantic Web: A Digital Library For Endangered Languages", International Journal of Information Research, 2005, Vol. 9, No. 3, 2004.

Reynolds, R.G., and Kobti, Z., and Kohler, T., “The Effects of Generalized Reciprocal Exchange on the Resilience of Social Networks: An Example From the Prehistoric Mesa Verde Region”, Journal of Computational and Mathematical and Organization Theory, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004, pp: 229-254.

Jin, X. and Reynolds, R. G., “Regional Schemata for Real-Valued Constrained Function Optimization Using Cultural Algorithms, Journal of Natural Computing, T. Back, Editor, 2002.

Reynolds, R.G., Goodhall, S.,and Whallon, R., “Transmission of Cultural Traits by Emulation: An Agent Based Model of Group Foraging Behavior”, Journal of Memetics, Vol. 4, Issue 2, March, 2001.

Reynolds, R.G., Fogel, D., and Rizki, M., “Memorial Tribute to Michael Conrad”, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 5, No. 1, February, 2001, pp. 1-2.

Reynolds, R. G., and Zhu, Shinin, “Fuzzy Cultural Algorithms with Evolutionary Programming for Real-Valued Function Optimization”, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics, Vol. 31, No. 1, February, 2001, pp. 1-18.

Reynolds, R. G., and Jin, X., “Using Knowledge-Based Systems with Hierarchical Architectture to Guide the Search of Evolutionary Computation”, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools, April, 2000.

Reynolds, R. G., and Chung, Chan-Jin*, “Knowledge-Based Self-Adaptation in Evolutionary Search”, International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 14, No. 1, 2000.

Reynolds, R.G., and Chung, Chan Jin*, "CAEP: An Evolution-Based Tool for real-Valued Function Optimization Using Cultural Algorithms", International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, Vol. 7, No. 3, September, 1998, pp. 239-293.

Reynolds, R. G., and Sternberg, Michael*, "Using Cultural Algorithms to Support the Re-Engineering of Rule-Based Expert Systems in Dynamic Performance Environments: A Fraud Detection Example", IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Vol.1, No. 4, November, 1997, pp. 225-243.

Reynolds, R. G., and Zannoni, E.*, "Learning to Control the Program Evolution Process in Genetic Programming Systems Using Cultural Algorithms", Journal of Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 5, No. 2, October, 1997, pp. 181-211.

Reynolds, R. G., "Evolution-Based Approaches to Software Engineering: An Introduction", International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 5, No.2, June, 1995, pp. 161-164.

Reynolds, R.G., and Sverdlik, W., "An Evolution-Based Approach to Program Understanding Using Cultural Algorithms", International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 5, No.2, June, 1995, pp. 211-226.

Reynolds, R. G., and Maletic, J., "The Use of Version Space Controlled Genetic Algorithms to Solve the Boole Problem" International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, Vol. 2, No. 2, June, 1993, pp. 219-234.

Reynolds, R. G., Maletic, J., and Porvin, S., "Stepwise Refinement and Problem Solving", IEEE Software, September 1992, pp. 79 -88.

Reynolds, R. G., and Zannoni, E., "Extracting Procedural Knowledge From Software Systems Using Inductive Learning in the PM System" International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, vol. 1, No. 3, 1992, pp. 351-367.

Reynolds, R. G., "Introduction to the Special issue on the Acquisition of Software Engineering Knowledge", International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 4, December 1991, pp. 327-329.

Reynolds, R. G., Esteva, J. C., "Learning to Recognize Reusable Software by Induction", International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, vol. 1, No. 3, 1991, pp. 271-292.

Reynolds, R. G., Maletic, J., and Porvin, S., "PM: A System to Support the Automatic Acquisition of Programming Knowledge", IEEE Transactions on Knowledge Engineering and Data Engineering, Vol. 2 , No. 3, September 1990, pp. 273-282.

Reynolds, R. G., Maletic, J., and Porvin, S., "The Acquisition of Software Engineering Knowledge using the PM System", International Journal of Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, April 1990, pp. 111-120.

Reynolds, R. G., and Savatsky, K.*, "A Computer Model of the Evolution of Cooperation", Biosystems, Vol. 23, 1989, pp. 261-279.

Reynolds, R. G., "The Partial Metrics System: A Tool to Support the Metrics-Driven Design of Pseudo Code Programs", Journal of Systems and Software, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1989.

Reynolds, R. G., "The Partial Metrics System: Modeling the Stepwise Refinement Process Using Partial Metrics", Communications of the ACM, Vol. 30, No. 11, 1987, pp. 956-963.

Reynolds, R. G., "A Metrics-Based Model for Reasoning About Pseudo Code Design", Journal of Information and Software Technology, Vol. 29, No. 9, 1987, pp. 497-502.

Reynolds, R. G., "A Production Systems Model of Hunter-Gatherer Resource Scheduling Adaptations", European Journal of Operations Research, Volume 30, No. 3, June, 1987.

Reynolds, R. G., "PMS: An Inference System to Monitor the Stepwise Refinement of ADA Pseudo Code", IEEE-Expert, Vol. 2, no. 4, Winter 1986, pp. 43-49.

Reynolds, R. G. and Zeigler, B. P.*, "A Hierarchical Information Processing Model for Adaptation to Technological Change", Systems Research, Vol. 2,No. 4, 1985, pp. 309-318.

Reynolds, R. G., "A Research Tool for Tracking the Stepwise Refinement of ADA Programs", Software Engineering Notes, Vol. 10, No. 3, July 1985. pp. 76-94.

Reynolds, R. G., " A Computational Model of Hierarchical Decision Systems", Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, Academic Press, Vol. 3, September, 1984. pp. 159-189.

Reynolds, R. G. and G. Cichanowski, "Metrics for the Comparison of Parallel Programs and Their Design Methodologies", Information Processing and Management, Vol. 19, no. 1, 1984. pp. 317-332.

Reynolds, R. G., Metrics to Measure the Complexity of Partial Programs", Journal of Systems and Software, Vol. 4, No. 1 1984. pp. 75-91.

Reynolds, R. G., "On Modeling the Evolution of Hunter-Gatherer Decision-Making Systems", Geographical Analysis, Vol. X, No. 1, January, 1978. pp.31-46.

Reynolds, R. G. and S. I. Outcalt, "The Double-Dependence Markov Chain as an Analog to the Auto Correlation Function For a Temporal Series - or Weather Wine and Tree Rings", Geographical Analysis, Vol. VII. April 1975. pp. 205- 212.

Reynolds, R. G., "The Application of the Log-Linear Model to the Analysis of Spatial Data", Geographical Analysis, Vol. VI, April 1974. pp. 179-186.

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E. PAPERS PUBLISHED IN CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS:

1. Refereed Papers:

Reynolds, R. G., Kobti, Z. and Kohler, T., "Learning in Dynamic Multi-Layered Social Networks: A Mesa Verde Example", in Proceedings of Geo-Computation 2005, Ann Arbor Michigan, August 1-3, 2005.

Reynolds, R.G., Kohler, T., and Kobti, Z.*, The Emergence of Complex Hierarchical Hub Social Networks in the Mesa Verde Village Simulation Using Cultural Learning”, in Proceedings of 2005 AAAI FLAIRS Conference, May15-17, 2005, Clearwater Beach, Florida.

Reynolds, R.G., and Peng, B., “Cultural Algorithms: Modeling How Cultures Learn to Solve Problems”, IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, Boca Raton, FL, November 15-17, 2004, pp. 166-173.

Reynolds, R.G., Kobti, Z., and Kohler, T., “The Emergence of Social Complexity in Mesa Verde Using Cultural Learning in the Presence of Balanced and reciprocal Exchange Networks”, Argonne Laboratory Conference on Social Dynamics, Interaction, Reflexivity, and Emergence, Chicago, IL, October 7-9, 2004.

Reynolds, R. G., and Ostrowski, D.*, “Using Cultural Algorithms to Evolve Strategies for Recessionary Markets”, in Proceedings of IEEE International Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Portland, OR, June 19-24, 2004, pp: 1780-1785.

Reynolds, R. G., Kobti, Z. , and Kohler, T., “The Effect of Culture on the Resilience of Social Systems in the Village Multi-Agent Simulation”, in Proceedings of IEEE International Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Portland, OR, June 19, 24, 2004, pp: 1743-1750.

Reynolds, R. G., and Brewster, J.*, “Alternative Fuel Adoption”, in Proceedings of IEEE International Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Portland, OR, June 19, 24, 2004, pp: 2364-2371.

Reynolds, R. G., and Peng, B.*, “Knowledge Learning in Dynamic Environments”, in Proceedings of IEEE International Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Portland, OR, June 19, 24, 2004, 1751-1758.

Reynolds, R. G., and Peng, B.*, “The Role of Culture in the Emergence of Decision-Making Roles: An Example Using Cultural Algorithms”, to appear in Proceedings of NECSI International Conference on Complex Systems, Boston MA., May 16-21, 2004.

Reynolds, R. G., and Peng, B.*, “Cultural Algorithms: Computational Modeling of How Cultures learn to Solve Problems “, Seventeenth European Meeting on Cybernetics and Systems Research, Vienna, Austria, April13-16, 2004.

W. Grosky, F. Fotouhi, A. Aristar, S. Lu, M. Dong and R. Reynolds, “ A Digital Library for Endangered Languages,” Extended Abstract, Proceedings of Nara Symposium For Digital Silk Roads, December 2003, Nara, Japan, pp. 22-24.

Reynolds, R.G.*, Stefan, J., Fotouhi F., Lu S., Dong, M., and Aristar, T., “Evolution-Based Approaches to the Preservation of Endangered Natural Languages”, Proceedings 2003 IEEE Proceedings of Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Canberra, Australia, December 8-12, 2003.

Reynolds, R. G., Peng, B.*, and Brewster, J., “Cultural Swarms”, Proceedings 2003 IEEE Proceedings of Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Canberra, Australia, December 8-12, 2003.

Reynolds, R. G., Peng, B.*, and Brewster, J., “Cultural Swarms II: Virtual Algorithm Emergence”, Proceedings 2003 IEEE Proceedings of Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Canberra, Australia, December 8-12, 2003.

Reynolds, R.G., Kobti, Z.*, and Kohler, T., “A Multi-Agent Simulation Using Cultural Algorithms: The Effect of Culture on the Resilience of Social Systems”, Proceedings 2003 IEEE Proceedings of Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Canberra, Australia, December 8-12, 2003.

Reynolds, R. G., Peng, B.*, and Brewster, J., “Cultural Swarms: Knowledge-Driven Problem Solving